Dissecting destination boycotts: Unpacking ethical dilemmas in politicized tourism

Informed by political consumerism theory and employing a multi-case approach, this study examines the different factors influencing tourists' decisions to participate in or abstain from destination boycotts. Through an analysis of online narratives, the study identifies and discusses key manifestations of ethical dilemmas in tourists' boycott decisions, reflecting both the transformative potential of boycotts and doubts about their effectiveness. The findings indicate that participation in boycotts is driven by perceived egregiousness, the empowerment of change through tourism, and ethical and moral considerations. Conversely, rejection of boycotts often stems from the contentious nature of certain boycotts, skepticism about their effectiveness, concerns about local welfare, the desire to avoid collective punishment, and the double standard dilemma. By introducing the concept of ‘politicized tourism consumerism’, this study highlights tourism's potential to drive social change and offers novel theoretical insights into tourists' politicized tourism practices and their implications. These insights can help tourism stakeholders, including policymakers and businesses, develop strategies to address ethical concerns and boycott impacts, leading to more ethical and responsible tourism.