TY - JOUR
T1 - Dietary behaviour change intervention for managing sarcopenic obesity among community-dwelling older people
T2 - a pilot randomised controlled trial
AU - Yin, Yue-Heng
AU - Liu, Justina Yat Wa
AU - Välimäki, Maritta
N1 - Funding Information:
This study is funded by The Hong Kong Polytechnic University for supporting postgraduate students, the grant number is not available.
Funding Information:
We sincerely thank the community health centres in Nanjing, China for the support in providing data collection settings. We thank faculties of Nanjing Medical University for helping connect the research settings. We also thank the experts involved in Delphi methods for their professional comments, research assistants for their wonderful work, and all the participants for participating in this study.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2023, BioMed Central Ltd., part of Springer Nature.
PY - 2023/12
Y1 - 2023/12
N2 - Background: The effects of dietary intervention in managing sarcopenic obesity are controversial, and behavior change techniques are lacking in previous studies which are important for the success of dietary intervention. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and preliminary effects of a dietary behaviour change (DBC) intervention on managing sarcopenic obesity among community-dwelling older people in the community. Methods: A two-armed, RCT was conducted. Sixty community-dwelling older adults (≥ 60 years old) with sarcopenic obesity were randomised into either the experimental group (n = 30), receiving a 15-week dietary intervention combined with behaviour change techniques guided by the Health Action Process Approach model, or the control group (n = 30), receiving regular health talks. Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted with 21 experimental group participants to determine the barriers and facilitators of dietary behaviour changes after the intervention. Results: The feasibility of the DBC intervention was confirmed by an acceptable recruitment rate (57.14%) and a good retention rate (83.33%). Compared with the control group, the experimental group significantly reduced their body weight (p = 0.027, d = 1.22) and improved their dietary quality (p < 0.001, d = 1.31). A positive improvement in handgrip strength (from 15.37 ± 1.08 kg to 18.21 ± 1.68 kg), waist circumference (from 99.28 ± 1.32 cm to 98.42 ± 1.39 cm), and gait speed (from 0.91 ± 0.02 m/s to 0.99 ± 0.03 m/s) was observed only in the experimental group. However, the skeletal muscle mass index in the experimental group decreased. The interview indicated that behaviour change techniques enhanced the partcipants’ compliance with their dietary regimen, while cultural contextual factors (e.g., family dining style) led to some barriers. Conclusion: The DBC intervention could reduce body weight, and has positive trends in managing handgrip strength, gait speed, and waist circumference. Interestingly, the subtle difference between the two groups in the change of muscle mass index warrants futures investigation. This study demonstrated the potential for employing dietary behaviour change interventions in community healthcare. Trial registration: Registered retrospectively on ClinicalTrailas.gov (31/12/2020, NCT04690985).
AB - Background: The effects of dietary intervention in managing sarcopenic obesity are controversial, and behavior change techniques are lacking in previous studies which are important for the success of dietary intervention. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and preliminary effects of a dietary behaviour change (DBC) intervention on managing sarcopenic obesity among community-dwelling older people in the community. Methods: A two-armed, RCT was conducted. Sixty community-dwelling older adults (≥ 60 years old) with sarcopenic obesity were randomised into either the experimental group (n = 30), receiving a 15-week dietary intervention combined with behaviour change techniques guided by the Health Action Process Approach model, or the control group (n = 30), receiving regular health talks. Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted with 21 experimental group participants to determine the barriers and facilitators of dietary behaviour changes after the intervention. Results: The feasibility of the DBC intervention was confirmed by an acceptable recruitment rate (57.14%) and a good retention rate (83.33%). Compared with the control group, the experimental group significantly reduced their body weight (p = 0.027, d = 1.22) and improved their dietary quality (p < 0.001, d = 1.31). A positive improvement in handgrip strength (from 15.37 ± 1.08 kg to 18.21 ± 1.68 kg), waist circumference (from 99.28 ± 1.32 cm to 98.42 ± 1.39 cm), and gait speed (from 0.91 ± 0.02 m/s to 0.99 ± 0.03 m/s) was observed only in the experimental group. However, the skeletal muscle mass index in the experimental group decreased. The interview indicated that behaviour change techniques enhanced the partcipants’ compliance with their dietary regimen, while cultural contextual factors (e.g., family dining style) led to some barriers. Conclusion: The DBC intervention could reduce body weight, and has positive trends in managing handgrip strength, gait speed, and waist circumference. Interestingly, the subtle difference between the two groups in the change of muscle mass index warrants futures investigation. This study demonstrated the potential for employing dietary behaviour change interventions in community healthcare. Trial registration: Registered retrospectively on ClinicalTrailas.gov (31/12/2020, NCT04690985).
KW - Caloric restriction
KW - Dietary behavior change
KW - Protein
KW - Randomised Controlled Trial
KW - Sarcopenic obesity
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85172465079&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1186/s12877-023-04327-w
DO - 10.1186/s12877-023-04327-w
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 37752447
AN - SCOPUS:85172465079
SN - 1471-2318
VL - 23
JO - BMC Geriatrics
JF - BMC Geriatrics
IS - 1
M1 - 597
ER -