Common-path single-pixel imaging with dual polarization through dynamic and complex scattering media

Single-pixel imaging (SPI) remains challenging due to the degradation of illumination patterns and scaling factors caused by complex scattering media. In this paper, we report common-path SPI with dual polarization using random-frequency-encoded time sequences in complex environments. Random-frequency-encoded time sequences are designed to mitigate pattern degradation, assigning each pixel a random unique frequency along the time axis. This pattern encoding strategy combined with the common-path dual-polarization setup effectively suppresses scattering-induced distortions. During reconstruction, fast Fourier transform (FFT) is applied to the corrected single-pixel intensity measurements. Each pixel value in the reconstructed image is derived from the amplitude spectrum corresponding to the pre-defined encoding frequency. The method operates without prior knowledge of the scattering media and avoids a need of complex optical components. Experimental results demonstrate the superiority of this approach, enabling high-resolution imaging under the conditions where illumination and detection paths are distorted severely.