Characteristics and Impact Analysis of Grid Inertia Spatiotemporal Distribution

With a large number of wind power, photovoltaic, and other renewable power generation units connected to the grid, the inertia of the power system is declining. At the same time, the system backup resources are insufficient, frequency regulation cannot be carried out in time, and the frequency stability and the transient stability of the grid are threatened. To reasonably allocate backup resources and improve system stability, the inertia of the power system needs to be estimated and identified. And due to the limitation of the geographical distribution of primary energy sources and the uneven geographical distribution of renewable power generation, the grid inertia exhibits significant spatiotemporal distribution characteristics. This paper analyses the inertia characteristics of the power system and discusses the relationship between grid frequency and inertia spatiotemporal distribution characteristics. By studying and deriving the node inertia, the spatiotemporal characteristics of the system inertia are visualized, and its impact on the grid stability is analyzed. This method can visualize the inertia distribution in each area of the system and provide a reference for system configuration and operation.