Abstract
Aim: In this study, we examine the production of Cantonese tones by preschool Urdu–Cantonese children living in Hong Kong. Methodology: 21 first language Urdu second language Cantonese children (ages 4–6) and 20 age-matched first language Cantonese children participated in a picture-naming experiment with 86 words (109 syllables in total). Data and Analysis: Acoustic analysis was carried out for perceptually correct and incorrect tone productions of each tone. Comparisons were also made across speaker groups regarding accuracy rates and error patterns. Findings: Overall, first-language Urdu participants had lower accuracy and greater tone confusion than first language Cantonese participants. The pattern is attributable to influence from Urdu prosody, ongoing Cantonese tone mergers, and general sensitivity to phonetic information. Originality: This is the first empirical study on the acquisition of Cantonese tones by children who are heritage speakers of a non-tone language. Significance: This study extends the literature of early bilingual phonology by furthering our understanding of an under-studied bilingual population, that is, heritage children of a non-tone language acquiring a tone language as the majority language. The findings of this study also produce implications for the practice of language educators and speech therapy professionals working with bilingual children.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 767-782 |
Number of pages | 16 |
Journal | International Journal of Bilingualism |
Volume | 24 |
Issue number | 4 |
Early online date | 1 Nov 2019 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 1 Aug 2020 |
Keywords
- early bilingual acquisition
- Hong Kong Cantonese
- lexical tone
- South Asian heritage speakers in Hong Kong
- Urdu prosody
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Education
- Language and Linguistics
- Linguistics and Language