TY - JOUR
T1 - Association of sugar-sweetened beverage frequency with adiposity
T2 - Evidence from the “children of 1997" birth cohort
AU - Zhang, Ting
AU - Yeung, Shiu Lun Au
AU - Kwok, Man Ki
AU - Hui, Lai Ling
AU - Leung, Gabriel Matthew
AU - Schooling, C. Mary
N1 - Funding Information:
Funding: The “Children of 1997” birth cohort that was initially supported by the Health Care and Promotion Fund, Health and Welfare Bureau, Government of the Hong Kong SAR (HCPF grant 216106) and reestablished in 2005 with support from the Health and Health Services Research Fund (HHSRF grant 03040771) and The Research Fund for the Control of Infectious Diseases (RFCID 04050172) Government of the Hong Kong SAR. The Biobank Clinical Follow-up was partly funded by the WYNG Foundation. The funding body had no role in the design of the study and collection, analysis, and interpretation of data and in writing the manuscript.
Funding Information:
The ?Children of 1997" birth cohort that was initially supported by the Health Care and Promotion Fund, Health and Welfare Bureau, Government of the Hong Kong SAR (HCPF grant 216106) and reestablished in 2005 with support from the Health and Health Services Research Fund (HHSRF grant 03040771) and The Research Fund for the Control of Infectious Diseases (RFCID 04050172) Government of the Hong Kong SAR. The Biobank Clinical Follow-up was partly funded by the WYNG Foundation. The funding body had no role in the design of the study and collection, analysis, and interpretation of data and in writing the manuscript. The authors thank colleagues at the Student Health Service and Family Health Service of the Department of Health for their assistance and collaboration. They also thank the late Connie O for coordinating the project and all the fieldwork for the initial study in 1997-1998.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
PY - 2020/4
Y1 - 2020/4
N2 - Background: Observationally, sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption is associated with adiposity inWestern children but could be confounded. We examined the association of SSB frequency with adiposity in the non-Western setting of Hong Kong. Methods: We examined the associations of SSB consumption frequency at 11 and 13 years assessed by using a food frequency questionnaire with subsequent body mass index (BMI) z-score and overweight/obesity up to 18 years using generalized estimating equations, and with waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, and body fat percentage at 16-19 years using linear regression in a population-representative Chinese birth cohort “Children of 1997" (n = 3628). Results: At 11 and 13 years, 6.8% and 8.2% of children respectively consumed SSB daily. Neither SSB frequency at 11 nor at 13 years was associated with subsequent BMI z-score or overweight/obesity up to 18 years, or with waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, or body fat percentage at 16-19 years adjusted for age, sex, socioeconomic position, health status, physical activity and other food consumption, although bias to the null from under-reporting cannot be eliminated. Conclusion: Although we cannot definitively exclude a small association of SSB frequency with adiposity, lack of association of SSB frequency with adiposity in a non-Western setting with low SSB consumption suggests that the role of SSB in adiposity appears to be minor.
AB - Background: Observationally, sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption is associated with adiposity inWestern children but could be confounded. We examined the association of SSB frequency with adiposity in the non-Western setting of Hong Kong. Methods: We examined the associations of SSB consumption frequency at 11 and 13 years assessed by using a food frequency questionnaire with subsequent body mass index (BMI) z-score and overweight/obesity up to 18 years using generalized estimating equations, and with waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, and body fat percentage at 16-19 years using linear regression in a population-representative Chinese birth cohort “Children of 1997" (n = 3628). Results: At 11 and 13 years, 6.8% and 8.2% of children respectively consumed SSB daily. Neither SSB frequency at 11 nor at 13 years was associated with subsequent BMI z-score or overweight/obesity up to 18 years, or with waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, or body fat percentage at 16-19 years adjusted for age, sex, socioeconomic position, health status, physical activity and other food consumption, although bias to the null from under-reporting cannot be eliminated. Conclusion: Although we cannot definitively exclude a small association of SSB frequency with adiposity, lack of association of SSB frequency with adiposity in a non-Western setting with low SSB consumption suggests that the role of SSB in adiposity appears to be minor.
KW - Adiposity
KW - Children
KW - Sugar-sweetened beverages
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85083257804&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/nu12041015
DO - 10.3390/nu12041015
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 32272690
AN - SCOPUS:85083257804
SN - 2072-6643
VL - 12
JO - Nutrients
JF - Nutrients
IS - 4
M1 - 1015
ER -