Assimilating the photo-induced functions of TiO₂-based compounds in textiles: Emphasis on the sol-gel process

Numerous investigations have recently been conducted to enhance the intrinsic properties of textiles and add new functionalities to textile products. The photocatalytic features of nanoparticles, notably titanium dioxide (TiO₂), have played a pivotal role in this pursuit. This review article presents an overview of the use of pure as well as modified TiO₂ in textiles. In addition, some of TiO₂ modification methods, pertinent photocatalytic mechanisms and potential applications of metallic and non-metallic nanocomposites of TiO₂ in functionalizing textiles, are highlighted. Furthermore, current research accomplishments and future prospects in this field are discussed.