Assessment of electromagnetic shielding effectiveness in multi-layer and single-layer shielded cables against the lightning electromagnetic pulse considering different shielding strategies

The impact of lightning electromagnetic pulses (LEMPs) on cables poses a significant challenge to the reliability and safety of power systems. This study aims to investigate the electromagnetic response and electromagnetic shielding effectiveness (ESE) of multi-layer and single-layer shielded cables against the LEMP. Through time-domain and frequency-domain analyses, the research evaluates how different grounding configurations and shielding methods influence electromagnetic coupling in the cables. The findings indicate that connecting both ends of the shield or metal pipe to the ground offers the most effective protection, greatly minimizing the induced response. Multiple shields offer enhanced performance compared to the single shield configuration, with the ESE increasing from 14.60 dB to 20.03 dB as the number of shields increases. Additionally, increased the metal pipe coverage from 60% to 100% improves the ESE of the cables, reducing the energy coupled to the cable by up to 60%. This study provides valuable insights into effective shielding techniques for LEMP protection in various engineering applications.