Abstract
This paper describes current surveying operations and aspects of the construction of highway tunnels in Hong Kong. It raises the quality control requirements; the various operations of control survey, deformation survey, detail mapping and tunnel GIS; setting-out and as-built surveys; and geometric modelling systems for the design and construction. These conceptual, functional and operational models define the roles and contributions of an engineering surveyor serving in the tunnel projects.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 325-332 |
| Number of pages | 8 |
| Journal | Geomatica |
| Volume | 55 |
| Issue number | 3 |
| Publication status | Published - 1 Dec 2001 |
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Geography, Planning and Development