Alleviating Energy Poverty through Renewable Energy Technology: An Investigation Using a Best-Worst Method-Based Quality Function Deployment Approach with Interval-Valued Intuitionistic Fuzzy Numbers

Renewable energy technology is suitable for reducing energy consumption and emissions, and the corresponding impact on energy poverty has aroused tremendous attention. This paper proposed the best-worst method- (BWM-) based quality function deployment (QFD) approach within interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy number (IVIFN) to select the appropriate renewable energy technology for energy poverty alleviation. QFD is firstly used to explore the relationship between energy poverty reduction requirements (CRs), renewable energy technology selection criteria (TRs), and correlation among TRs. Interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy (IVIF) BWM is then applied for obtaining the correlation among CRs. After that, the IVIF-QFD method is used to attain the weight of TRs, which are then used to evaluate the renewable energy technology alternatives through IVIF-VIKOR approach. The six representative renewable energy technologies, including wind energy, solar energy, biomass (direct combustion, combined heat and power, and gasification), and hydropower have been selected in the decision model, and the result shows that the large-scale hydropower could be selected as the best choice to reduce the energy poverty issues, whose interval numbers is [0, 0.2925]. Except for prioritization of the selected technologies, findings of this paper could also contribute to developing sustainable renewable energy policies and energy roadmaps.