TY - JOUR
T1 - Advances in the use of recycled non-ferrous slag as a resource for non-ferrous metal mine site remediation
AU - Ban, Jiaxing
AU - Sun, Keke
AU - Yao, Jun
AU - Sunahara, Geoffrey
AU - Hudson-Edwards, Karen
AU - Jordan, Gyozo
AU - Alakangas, Lena
AU - Ni, Wen
AU - Poon, Chi Sun
N1 - Funding Information:
This work has been supported partly by grants received from the Major National R & D Projects for the Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology [ 2019YFC1803500 ], the project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China [ 41720104007 ], and the 1000-Talents Plan project [ WQ2017110423 ].
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Elsevier Inc.
PY - 2022/10
Y1 - 2022/10
N2 - The growing global demand for non-ferrous metals has led to serious environmental issues involving uncovered mine site slag dumps that threaten the surrounding soils, surface waters, groundwater, and the atmosphere. Remediation of these slags using substitute cement materials for ordinary Portland cement (OPC) and precursors for alkali-activated materials (AAMs) can convert hazardous solid wastes into valuable construction materials, as well as to attain the desired solidification and stabilization (S/S) of heavy metal(loid)s (HM). This review discusses the current research on the effect of non-ferrous slags on the reaction mechanisms of the OPC and AAM. The S/S of HM from the non-ferrous slags in AAM and OPC is also reviewed. HM can be stabilized in these materials based on the complex salt effect and isomorphic effects. The major challenges faced in AAMs and OPC for HM stabilization include the long-term durability of the matrix (e.g., sulfate attack, stability of volume). The existing knowledge gaps and future trends for the sustainable application of non-ferrous slags are also discussed.
AB - The growing global demand for non-ferrous metals has led to serious environmental issues involving uncovered mine site slag dumps that threaten the surrounding soils, surface waters, groundwater, and the atmosphere. Remediation of these slags using substitute cement materials for ordinary Portland cement (OPC) and precursors for alkali-activated materials (AAMs) can convert hazardous solid wastes into valuable construction materials, as well as to attain the desired solidification and stabilization (S/S) of heavy metal(loid)s (HM). This review discusses the current research on the effect of non-ferrous slags on the reaction mechanisms of the OPC and AAM. The S/S of HM from the non-ferrous slags in AAM and OPC is also reviewed. HM can be stabilized in these materials based on the complex salt effect and isomorphic effects. The major challenges faced in AAMs and OPC for HM stabilization include the long-term durability of the matrix (e.g., sulfate attack, stability of volume). The existing knowledge gaps and future trends for the sustainable application of non-ferrous slags are also discussed.
KW - Alkali activated materials
KW - Cementitious materials
KW - Durability
KW - Non-ferrous slag
KW - Solidification and stabilization
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85132709174&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113533
DO - 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113533
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 35690086
AN - SCOPUS:85132709174
SN - 0013-9351
VL - 213
JO - Environmental Research
JF - Environmental Research
M1 - 113533
ER -