@inproceedings{5656935025cd49a8a5a707c9a093a108,
title = "A virtual reality simulator prototype for learning and assessing phaco-sculpting skills",
abstract = "This paper presents a virtual reality based simulator prototype for learning phacoemulsification in cataract surgery, with focus on the skills required for making a cross-shape trench in cataractous lens by an ultrasound probe during the phaco-sculpting procedure. An immersive virtual environment is created with 3D models of the lens and surgical tools. Haptic device is also used as 3D user interface. Phaco-sculpting is simulated by interactively deleting the constituting tetrahedrons of the lens model. Collisions between the virtual probe and the lens are effectively identified by partitioning the space containing the lens hierarchically with an octree. The simulator can be programmed to collect real-time quantitative user data for reviewing and assessing trainee's performance in an objective manner. A game-based learning environment can be created on top of the simulator by incorporating gaming elements based on the quantifiable performance metrics.",
keywords = "Cataract Surgery, Medical Education, Phacoemulsification, Surgical Simulation, Virtual Reality",
author = "Choi, {Kup Sze}",
year = "2010",
month = nov,
day = "8",
doi = "10.1007/978-3-642-14484-4_13",
language = "English",
isbn = "3642144837",
series = "Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics)",
pages = "145--156",
booktitle = "Transactions on Edutainment IV",
note = "5th International Conference on E-learning and Games, Edutainment 2010 ; Conference date: 01-08-2010 Through 01-08-2010",
}