A Smart Bat Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Network Deployment in 3-D Environment

Wireless sensor network deployment in a 3-D environment with an optimal balance of system lifetime, cost, coverage, connectivity, and fault tolerance is a challenging task. Current studies on this task are still very few. In this letter, we propose a two-stage deployment strategy for this task. To implement the strategy, we propose a Bat Algorithm-based meta-heuristic algorithm named Smart Bat Algorithm (SBA). The SBA enhances the searching behaviors of artificial bats to be smarter and more efficient by leveraging decision theory and fuzzy logic techniques. The simulation results indicate that the SBA delivers better and more robust solutions compared with three other popular meta-heuristic algorithms.