A Scoping Review of the Impacts of Earthquakes and the Natural Disaster Management of Physical and Mental Difficulties of Earthquake Survivors

This chapter is a scoping review of the impacts and the disaster risk management of earthquakes in different countries. The major earthquakes covered in this review are the Wenchuan on May 12, 2008 and Ya’an earthquakes on April 20, 2013, in Sichuan, China; the earthquake in Haiti (2010); the Kashmir earthquake in India (2005); the Manjil, Yazd City, and Azarbaijan earthquakes in Iran (1990, 2003, 2012); the earthquake in Nepal (2015); the earthquake in Pakistan (2013); and the Van earthquake in Turkey (2013). Recently, a 7.8 magnitude earthquake struck southeast Turkey near Syria on February 6, 2023, 57,759 people were killed and 121,704 injured. Based on the themes of the papers reviewed, they are grouped under the following headings: needs of children and adolescents, effectiveness of medical and rehabilitation services, prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after an earthquake, disaster management models focusing on the participation of the community in the recovery process, and in-person social networking and other social aspects of disaster management.