TY - JOUR
T1 - A pilot study on the repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation of aβ and tau levels in rhesus monkey cerebrospinal fluid
AU - Liao, Ling Yi
AU - Zhang, Ying Qian
AU - Lau, Benson Wui Man
AU - Wu, Qiong
AU - Fan, Zi Yan
AU - Gao, Qiang
AU - Zhong, Zhi Hui
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors would like to thank Sichuan Green-House Biotech Co., Ltd for providing the monkey chair and other relative devices. This research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 JoVE Journal of Visualized Experiments.
PY - 2021/9/3
Y1 - 2021/9/3
N2 - Previous studies have demonstrated that a non-invasive light-flickering regime and auditory tone stimulation could affect Aβ and tau metabolism in the brain. As a non-invasive technique, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been applied for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. This study explored the effects of rTMS on Aβ and tau levels in rhesus monkey cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). This is a single-blind, self-controlled study. Three different frequencies (low frequency, 1 Hz; high frequencies, 20 Hz and 40 Hz) of rTMS were used to stimulate the bilateral-dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) of the rhesus monkey. A catheterization method was used to collect CSF. All samples were subjected to liquid chip detection to analyze CSF biomarkers (Aβ42, Aβ42/Aβ40, tTau, pTau). CSF biomarker levels changed with time after stimulation by rTMS. After stimulation, the Aβ42 level in CSF showed an upward trend at all frequencies (1 Hz, 20 Hz, and 40 Hz), with more significant differences for the high-frequencies (p < 0.05) than for the low frequency. After high-frequency rTMS, the total Tau (tTau) level of CSF immediately increased at the post-rTMS timepoint (p < 0.05) and gradually decreased by 24 h. Moreover, the results showed that the level of phosphorylated Tau (pTau) increased immediately after 40 Hz rTMS (p < 0.05). The ratio of Aβ42/Aβ40 showed an upward trend at 1 Hz and 20 Hz (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the tau levels with low-frequency (1 Hz) stimulation. Thus, high-frequencies (20 Hz and 40 Hz) of rTMS may have positive effects on Aβ and tau levels in rhesus monkey CSF, while low-frequency (1 Hz) rTMS can only affect Aβ levels.
AB - Previous studies have demonstrated that a non-invasive light-flickering regime and auditory tone stimulation could affect Aβ and tau metabolism in the brain. As a non-invasive technique, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been applied for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. This study explored the effects of rTMS on Aβ and tau levels in rhesus monkey cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). This is a single-blind, self-controlled study. Three different frequencies (low frequency, 1 Hz; high frequencies, 20 Hz and 40 Hz) of rTMS were used to stimulate the bilateral-dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) of the rhesus monkey. A catheterization method was used to collect CSF. All samples were subjected to liquid chip detection to analyze CSF biomarkers (Aβ42, Aβ42/Aβ40, tTau, pTau). CSF biomarker levels changed with time after stimulation by rTMS. After stimulation, the Aβ42 level in CSF showed an upward trend at all frequencies (1 Hz, 20 Hz, and 40 Hz), with more significant differences for the high-frequencies (p < 0.05) than for the low frequency. After high-frequency rTMS, the total Tau (tTau) level of CSF immediately increased at the post-rTMS timepoint (p < 0.05) and gradually decreased by 24 h. Moreover, the results showed that the level of phosphorylated Tau (pTau) increased immediately after 40 Hz rTMS (p < 0.05). The ratio of Aβ42/Aβ40 showed an upward trend at 1 Hz and 20 Hz (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the tau levels with low-frequency (1 Hz) stimulation. Thus, high-frequencies (20 Hz and 40 Hz) of rTMS may have positive effects on Aβ and tau levels in rhesus monkey CSF, while low-frequency (1 Hz) rTMS can only affect Aβ levels.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85115937582&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3791/63005
DO - 10.3791/63005
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 34542538
AN - SCOPUS:85115937582
SN - 1940-087X
VL - 2021
JO - Journal of Visualized Experiments
JF - Journal of Visualized Experiments
IS - 175
M1 - e63005
ER -