TY - JOUR
T1 - A nonlinearity-sensitive approach for detection of “breathing” cracks relying on energy modulation effect
AU - Cao, Maosen
AU - Lu, Qitian
AU - Su, Zhongqing
AU - Radzieński, Maciej
AU - Xu, Wei
AU - Ostachowicz, Wiesław
N1 - Funding Information:
This work is partially supported by the Changzhou Policy Guidance Plan-International Science and Technology Cooperation (No. CZ20200003). Maosen Cao and Zhongqing Su are grateful for the support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China through Grant Nos. 11772115 and 51875492 , respectively. Wei Xu is particularly grateful for the fellowship provided by the Hong Kong Scholars Program (No. XJ2018042), during which he started this work.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2022/4/28
Y1 - 2022/4/28
N2 - For a cracked structural component under a single-tone harmonic excitation, the opening-closing motion of the “breathing” crack can lead to higher harmonics in its steady-state responses, which can be efficient indicators for the detection of the crack. Nevertheless, when the opening-closing motion of a “breathing” crack is slight, higher harmonics can become barely visible in frequency spectra and seem to be hidden. As a consequence, the crack can hardly be detected by such hidden higher harmonics. Addressing this problem, this study proposes a nonlinearity-sensitive approach for the detection of “breathing” cracks. In particular, a novel phenomenon of energy modulation effect (EME) is reported, based on which a new concept of quadratic Teager-Kaiser energy (Q-TKE) is formulated. Hidden higher harmonics can be considerably enhanced in Q-TKEs, such that “breathing” cracks can be readily detected. A physical insight into the mechanism of the EME is provided. The approach is numerically verified using the finite element method and experimentally validated through non-contact laser measurement. The results suggest that hidden higher harmonics can be considerably enhanced in the Q-TKEs and become sensitive indicators to manifest the occurrence of the cracks, suitable for the detection of initial fatigue cracks.
AB - For a cracked structural component under a single-tone harmonic excitation, the opening-closing motion of the “breathing” crack can lead to higher harmonics in its steady-state responses, which can be efficient indicators for the detection of the crack. Nevertheless, when the opening-closing motion of a “breathing” crack is slight, higher harmonics can become barely visible in frequency spectra and seem to be hidden. As a consequence, the crack can hardly be detected by such hidden higher harmonics. Addressing this problem, this study proposes a nonlinearity-sensitive approach for the detection of “breathing” cracks. In particular, a novel phenomenon of energy modulation effect (EME) is reported, based on which a new concept of quadratic Teager-Kaiser energy (Q-TKE) is formulated. Hidden higher harmonics can be considerably enhanced in Q-TKEs, such that “breathing” cracks can be readily detected. A physical insight into the mechanism of the EME is provided. The approach is numerically verified using the finite element method and experimentally validated through non-contact laser measurement. The results suggest that hidden higher harmonics can be considerably enhanced in the Q-TKEs and become sensitive indicators to manifest the occurrence of the cracks, suitable for the detection of initial fatigue cracks.
KW - Energy modulation effect
KW - Higher harmonics
KW - Non-contact laser measurement
KW - Quadratic Teager-Kaiser energy
KW - “Breathing” crack
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85123261929&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.jsv.2022.116754
DO - 10.1016/j.jsv.2022.116754
M3 - Journal article
AN - SCOPUS:85123261929
SN - 0022-460X
VL - 524
JO - Journal of Sound and Vibration
JF - Journal of Sound and Vibration
M1 - 116754
ER -