A New Control Interaction Phenomenon in Large-Scale Type-4 Wind Park

This paper demonstrates the risk of a new control interaction phenomenon between a large-scale type-4 wind park (WP) and a 500 kV transmission grid in a super-synchronous frequency range. This study aims at (i) using the impedance-based stability assessment (IBSA) method to investigate this new interaction phenomenon, (ii) analyzing the impact of various transmission grid topologies, WP operating conditions, and wind turbine (WT) converter control parameters on the severity of the interaction. For ultimate accuracy, the frequency-dependent impedance characteristics of the WP are extracted using the electromagnetic transient (EMT)-type impedance scanning instead of a simplified analytical model. The performed analyses demonstrate that the WP generation capacity, length of the transmission lines, applied series and shunt compensation levels, presence of parallel lines, and grid side converter (GSC) control parameters of the WT can significantly affect the identified instability risk. The obtained results are validated through detailed EMT simulations. Although the type-4 WP is considered in this paper, the presented results can be generalized to any inverter-based resource (IBR) with a full-size converter (FSC), such as photovoltaic (PV) power stations.