A controllable canonical form implementation of time domain impedance boundary conditions for broadband aeroacoustic computation

A new method, which can be effectively and efficiently applied in the simulations of broadband noise problems, is proposed for time domain impedance boundary condition implementations by using the so-called controllable canonical form that is well known in linear system. Usually, the impedance boundary condition can be defined in frequency domain as a rational polynomial function with poles in the negative half of the complex plane to guarantee stability; otherwise, causality might be violated in the corresponding time domain implementation. To address this issue, various methodologies have been proposed previously that usually lead to complicated polynomials, whose numerical implementations are often indirect and intricate. The proposed method with a controllable canonical form, on the other hand, directly transforms the frequency domain transfer function (a quotient of rational polynomials) to an equivalent state space model, which consists of a series of first-order ordinary differential equations that can be numerically implemented in a straightforward way. The proposed method is demonstrated by using two benchmark problems: a two-dimensional Gaussian pulse propagating in a uniform flow with a lined wall and the test cases from the NASA Langley grazing incidence tube experiments. Good agreements demonstrate the potential of the proposed computational method.