啟蒙與娛樂之間： 民國初期北京女劇團志德社的改良戲劇實踐

Since 1912, the ban on the public performance by women in the Qing dynasty has
been lifted and female actors eventually stepped on Beijing’s opera stage officially.
The Beijing government later changed its policy and agreed to segregate the performance
of male and female actors, resulting in the growing popularity of female-led
theatre on Beijing’s Chinese opera scene. During this popular period of the female
theatre, the most famous female troupe was Zhide She. Based on the information
in Beijing newspapers and periodicals, this paper aims to survey the development
history of the Zhide She in detail, analysing how it realized the concept of theatre
reform and put forward the pioneering theatre, new drama, performance, etc. It explores
how the female theatre embarked on its own unique path in the early Republican
era, and re-examines the significance of the Zhide She in the context of modern theatre
history.