内部因素与元音范畴化感知

为了探讨元音内部的固有共振峰信息对元音感知的影响，文章采用范畴感知研究范式中的辨认和区分测试，考察普通话母语者对于普通话单元音之间（/i/-/a/）、前响双元音和单元音之间（/ai/-/a/）以及后响双元音和单元音之间（/ia/-/a/）的刺激连续统感知情况。结果表明：当不同元音之间（单元音与单元音）内部的共振峰曲线在走向上处于相对稳态时，其感知的范畴化程度较低；相反，当不同元音之间（复合元音与单元音）内部的共振峰曲线在走向上存在着相对动态变化时，其感知的范畴化程度则会显著提高。结合文献中有关其他音位范畴化感知的现有研究，文章还进一步总结了影响音位感知范畴化程度的多种内部和外部因素，并提出了在行为学和脑电研究中衡量音位感知范畴化程度高低的客观量化指标。

The present study aims to compare the influence of inherent vowel formants with steady-state property (monophthong) and dynamic property (diphthong) on the CP of Mandarin vowels. Utilizing a classic paradigm of CP, three types of stimuli along the vowel continuum were synthesized, including monphthong-to-monophthong and diphthong-to-monophthong continuum. The perceptual results indicated that the degree of CP was much higher for the diphthong-to-monophthong continuum (/ai/-/a/and/ia/-/a/) compared with the monophthong-to-monophthong continuum /i/-/a/. We suggest that it was the relative direction changes of internal formants that promoted the degree of CP of vowels. Furthermore, we put forward some quantitative indexes to objectively evaluate the degree of CP in both behavioral and electrophysiological studies.