中外传唱、译有所为：基于李清照词英译本的语料库考察

李清照词在西方世界的越来越为人所知，很大程度上受益于译本的传播。冰心译本和许渊冲译本都是李清照词的经典英译本，其语言特征和翻译思想是作品外译成功的关键。我们采用语料库的方法，对两个译本的语言特征进行了分层描述，发现两个译本风格各异：（1）在词汇使用方面，两个译本高频词有共通之处，但各有特色，总体上许译本比冰心译本用词丰富度高；（2）在结构特征上，冰心译本用词较为简短，句子略长，许译词长略长，句子平均长度较短；（3）语篇衔接方面，两个译本有共通之处，但连接词的情感功能有较大不同，许译使用连接词表达的情感更加饱满，冰心表达的情感更加细腻；（4）在修辞使用上，冰心译本的明喻主要用来描述景物和人的形态，描述比较客观，而许译主要用来突出自然的美感、人物的美好、物体的生动等，积极情感比较强烈。两个译本的不同语言特征，体现了两位翻译家不同的翻译思想，冰心译本充分体现了“精确”的翻译思想，而许译充分彰显了“三美”和“再创造”的翻译思想。

Thanks to the English translations of her works, the Chinese poet Li Qingzhao of the Song Dynasty has become increasingly known to English readers. Among the existing translations, the versions rendered by Bingxin and Xu Yuanchong are the most popular among English readers. A corpus-based study of the linguistic features of these two versions reveal significant difference on a number of linguistic levels. Specifically, ‘on the lexical level, both translators have used similar high-frequency words as well as their owned preferred vocabulary. On the syntactic level, the average length of words in Bingxin’s translation is shorter than that of Xu Yuanchong’s version. But the average length of sentences in Bingxin’s translation is longer. On the textual level, both translators have used similar cohesive devices but their functions differ: whereas Xu’s cohesive devices are used to express stronger emotions, Bingxin’s devices are employed to express more delicate emotions. On the rhetorical level, similes are used to describe nature and man more objectively in Bingxin’s translation while they are used to intensify the beauty of nature and man and objects in Xu’s translation. In general, Bingxin’s translation reflects her translation strategy which emphasizes accuracy, whereas Xu’s translation reveals his translation philosophy of “beauty in sound, form and meaning” and translation as a creative activity.