β-Defensin 19/119 mediates sperm chemotaxis and is associated with idiopathic infertility

Xiaofeng Li, Chun Yuan, Jianwu Shi, Hang Kang, Yufei Chen, Yonggang Duan, Jing Jin, Lai Ping Cheung, Tin Chiu Li, Ying Liu, Yugui Cui, Ye Chun Ruan, Xiaohua Jiang, Zhiming Cai, Hsiao Chang Chan, Ling Ji, Xuhui Zeng, Jiaying Liu, Hao Chen, Kin Lam Fok

Research output: Journal article publicationJournal articleAcademic researchpeer-review

8 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Sperm chemotaxis is required for guiding sperm toward the egg. However, the molecular identity of physiological chemoattractant and its involvement in infertility remain elusive. Here, we identify DEFB19/119 (mouse/human orthologs) as a physiological sperm chemoattractant. The epithelia of the female reproductive tract and the cumulus-oocyte complex secrete DEFB19/119 that elicits calcium mobilization via the CatSper channel and induces sperm chemotaxis in capacitated sperm. Manipulating the level of DEFB19 in mice determines the number of sperm arriving at the fertilization site. Importantly, we identify exon mutations in the DEFB119 gene in idiopathic infertile women with low level of DEFB119 in the follicular fluid. The level of DEFB119 correlates with the chemotactic potency of follicular fluid and predicts the infertile outcome with positive correlation. This study reveals the pivotal role of DEFB19/119 in sperm chemotaxis and demonstrates its potential application in the diagnosis of idiopathic infertility.

Original languageEnglish
Article number100825
JournalCell Reports Medicine
Volume3
Issue number12
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 20 Dec 2022

Keywords

  • DEFB119
  • DEFB19
  • idiopathic infertility
  • sperm chemotaxis
  • β-defensin

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • General Biochemistry,Genetics and Molecular Biology

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